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D. D. HARDY ORBITAL RUTARY ENGINE.-

Patented May 23, 1882.

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Nrrnn SrATns DEXTER D. HARDY, OF HAVANA, ILLINOIS.

ORBITL ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,534, dated May 23, 1882.

Application lcd August 20, 1881. (No model.) I

To all whom it mag/'concern Be it known that I, DEXTER D. HARDY, of Havana, in the county of Mason, in the State of Illinois, have invented an Improved Orbital Rotary Engine; and I do hereby declare that the following,` is a full,clear, and exact description thereof,reference beinghad to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which like letters of reference refer to like parts, and in which- Figure l represents sectional elevation at w Fig. 2, a section through the center; Fig. 3, a section at yy,- Figs. 4. and 5, explanatory details.

The cogs on the inside of the cylinder B are cut all to the same size to t the spur-wheelA, and the lugs T TT fastened in place afterward. The extreme diameter of the spur-wheel A is made two-thirds of the diameter of the cylinder B, measuring to the base of the cogs. The lugs T are in height one-third the radius of this cylinder B, and are placed at equal distances apart within said cylinder B, as shown in Fig. 1. Said lugs T are held in place by being made dove-tailing iu shape, to iit the place between the two teeth where it is wantedthat is, planed to receive' it. Screws are also put in to hold them in place. The faces of these lugs are grooved out and provided with steel tongues J, pressed outward by springs S, for packing, said tongues being held from dropping out by small pins. (Not shown iu the drawings.)

The crescent C, which is bolted at its ends to the disk D D, is made to fit between the spur-wheel A and the faces of the lugs T, and is provided on its inside surface with a packing, the same as are the lugs T. In the spurwheel A are made two recesses, opposite each other, to receive the lugs T as said wheel A passes around on the inside surface of the cylinder B. The crank-pin Z, upon which said spur-wheelA revolves, is fastened at its ends to the disks D and D, said disk D being keyed to the shaft G, by which motion is communicated. lhe disk D is attached tothe short shaft Z, which operates the valve V. Saidl shaft Z has a hole drilled in to its end to admit the small rod U, and a slot eut through it near said end to allow the pin R to slide in said slot toward and from the disk D. This pin R is attached to the small-rod U in such a way as to revolve easily thereon, said rod U being operated by the lever L.

The head H of the cylinder B has three ports cast in it at equal distances apart. The ends of these ports that open into the steam-chest M are made of the shape shown in Fig. 3. Between these ports P there is sunk in the face of the head H an annular groove, 2, concentric with the shaft Z. From thisgroove 2 there extends an opening, E, through to the side ot' said head H, where the exhaust-pipe can be attached. The eccentric F can rotate upon the shaft Z, except as it is held by the pin R, and has a collar extending along said shaftZ, in whiehis cut a slot shaped asin Fig. 4, the two arms of which run lengthwise in said eccentric-collar F, but in opposite directions, and are joined-by a long slot running half-way around in the circumference of said collar. By this construction, when the pin R is pushed down into one arm of said slot the eccentric F is at an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees to its position when the pin R is in the other arm'ot' said slot. The valve V revolves upon this eccentric F, being held against the head H by a small shoulder on said eccentric and having sunk in its face the annular groove 1 concentric with it.

The operation of this engine is as follows: Steam being let into the chest M through a pipe at E', at on ce fills the upper and right-hand chambers at P and P through the ports P and P', which are, as shown in Fig. 3, each half 85 open. The other port, P2, is, however,open to the exhaust-pipe, as shown in Fig. 2, as the air or steam can there pass from the port P2 through the annular groove l into the groove 2 and from thence into the opening E. The steam in the chamber at P now does no work, though after the first revolution this represents steam that has just performed its work. These three conditions of pressure about the wheel A cause said wheel A to be carried toward the left, pushing with it the crank-pin Z, and causing thereby the disksD and D to rotate, taking around with them the crescent C. Soon as this crescent C touches the lower lug T this chamber at P ceases to do any more work and becomes as was the chamber at P. In the meantime the valve V has changed po= sition, so that P2 is now taking in steam and P is exhaust. The pressure fromY P2 now pushes the wheel A upward till P takes it, and P' becomes exhaust, and so on around again. The shaft Z communicates motion through the pin R to the collar and eccentric F, and thence to the valve V.

To reverse this engine, taking it as shown in Fig. 2, the pin R is drawn by the rod Uand leverL up out of the lower arm ofthe doublearmed slot in the eceentric-collarF. The pressure of the steam holds the eccentric F stationary, but the shaft Z' continues to revolve for halt' a turn from the momentum ofthe engine. This brings said pin to the other arm of' said slot, into which it is at once drawn by a further pressure on the lever L. This makes an exactly-opposite position of the eccentric and valve V-what being before an exhaust-port now taking steam, and the engine accordingly begins rotating in the other direction.

vVVhatI claim as my invention, and for which I desire Letters Patent, is as follows, to wit:

1. YAs a valve for rotary engines, the rod U, swiveled to the pin It, the eccentric F, having aslotted collar, the valve V, having upon one side an annular groove, and the slotted shaft Z', rotated by the disk 1)',incombination with the head H, having ports P and an annular groove with a discharge-pipe leading there- 3o from, as set forth.

2. The combination ot' the stationary internally-toothed cylinder B, having two or more lugs, T, the heads H' and H, having ports P and fastened to said cylinder B, the spur-gear 35 wheel A, having recesses to admit said lugs T, the crescent C, and disks D' and D, bolted to said crescent C, with shaft G and crank-pin Z, as and for the purpose specified.

3. The rod U, pin R, eccentric F, valve V, 4o shaft Z', and disk D,in combination with the head H, having ports P, head H', disk D, internally-toothed cylinder B, crescent G, spurwheel A, and crank-pin Z, as and for the pur pose specitied.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention, I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of' August, 1881.

DEXTER D. HARDY.

lVitnesses:

J. M. Monsn, H. W. WELLS. 

